Basic Terminology
Shihan | Dr. Jigoro Kano, founder of Kodokan Judo |
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Judo | The gentle way |
Dojo | Practice hall |
Sensei | Teacher / instructor |
Tatami | Practice mats |
Randori | Free practice |
Mate / Matte! | Stop |
Sore‑made! | That’s all! Stop what you’re doing! |
Sei‑retsu! | Line-Up! |
Seiza | Formal Japanese sitting position |
Kio‑tsuke! | Attention! |
Rei | Salutation (bow) |
Ritsu‑rei | Salutation (bow) from standing position. |
Za‑rei | Salutation (bow)from sitting position |
Sensei‑ni‑rei! | Salutation (bow) to the teachers |
Shomen‑ni‑rei! | Salutation (bow) to the Shihan |
Otagai‑ni‑rei! | Salutation (bow) to one another |
Tatte! | Stand! Stand-up! |
Anza | Sitting with legs crossed |
Ukemi | Break-fall |
Waza | Technique |
Judo‑gi | Judo Uniform |
Uwagi | Jacket / Top of Uniform |
Eri | Lapel |
Sode | Sleeve |
Suso | Lower part of the Jacket |
Obi | Belt |
Zubon | Pants |
Zoori | Straw Slippers |
Advanced Terminology
Junbi‑ Taiso (Junbi‑Undo) Preparation exercises (Ukemis)
Ma‑ushiro | Falling backwards |
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Migi‑yoko | Falling towards right side |
Hidari‑yoko | Falling towards left side |
Ma‑mae | Falling forward |
Zenpo‑kaiten‑ukemi | Forward rolling break-fall |
Nage-Waza (throwing techniques)
Ashi‑waza | Foot and leg techniques |
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Koshi‑waza | Hip techniques |
Te‑waza | Arm and shoulder techniques |
Ma‑sutemi‑waza | Technique of throws on one’s back |
Yoko‑sutemi‑waza | Technique of throws on one’s side |
Techniques of holding down an opponent (Grappling)
NE‑WAZA
OSAE‑WAZA
KATAME‑WAZA
OSAE‑KOMI‑WAZA
OSAE‑WAZA
KATAME‑WAZA
OSAE‑KOMI‑WAZA
Includes:
- Pinning techniques
- Choking techniques (Shime-Waza)
- Joint lock techniques (Kanetsu-Waza)
Wazas are practiced by:
Keiko | Practice |
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Randori | Free practice |
Te‑waza | Arm and shoulder techniques |
Sute‑geiko Yaku‑soku‑geiko | Timing practice with no resistance |
Buttsu‑kari Uchi‑komi | To practice repetitive attacks without actual throw |
3 steps for wazas:
Kuzushi | Breaking opponent’s posture |
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Tsukuri | Preparation |
Kake | Execution of technique |
General Terminology
Ju‑jutsu | The art of Gentleness |
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Sei‑ryoku‑zenyo | Maximum efficiency |
Jita-kyo-ei | Mutual benefit |
Tori | Executor |
Uke | Receiver |
Ma‑ai | Distance |
Suki | Opening |
Kikkake | Chance |
Tai-sabaki | Body movement |
Henka | Variation |
Renraku‑waza | Continuity techniques |
Kaeshi‑waza | Counter attack techniques |
Atemi‑waza | Pressure point techniques |
Kappo | Resuscitation techniques |
Katsu | Resuscitation techniques |
Traditional Forms (Kata)
Nage‑no‑kata | Forms of throwing |
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Katame-no-kata | Forms of grappling |
Kime‑no‑kata | Forms of decision |
Ju‑no‑kata | Forms of gentleness |
Koshiki‑no‑kata | Forms antique |
Itsutsu‑no‑kata | Forms of five |
Goshin‑jitsu‑no‑kata | Forms of self defense |